Wild Bergamot (Monarda fistulosa)

Wild Bergamot
Scientific Name: Monarda fistulosa L.
Family: Lamiaceae

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Britton, N.L., and A. Brown. 1913. Illustrated flora of the northern states and Canada. Vol. 3: 132. Recommended Temperature Zone:
sunset: All zones
USDA: 3-9

Frost Tolerance: Dies back to the ground in winter
Heat Tolerance: Light shade in Phoenix
Sun Exposure: Full sun to light shade
Origin: North America, east of the Rockies
Growth Habits: Herbaceous perennial, 2 to 4 feet tall (60-120 cm), 2 to 3 feet spread (60-90 cm); fragrant leaves, 2 to 4 inches long (5-10 cm)
Watering Needs: Regular water, prefers moist, well drained, soil in summer, drier in winter
Propagation: Seeds sown in place in spring or fall, self-sows, cuttings of new growth in the spring

The leaves of the plant have been used traditionally to make a strongly mint flavored tea, supposed to have a number of medicinal qualities, 1 teaspoon of dried leaves to 8 ounces of boiling water. The leaves can be added fresh, in small quantities, to salad, desserts and drinks. The name 'bergamot' comes from the similarity of its scent with Citrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, a tree grown in southern Italy.
The flowers are very attractive to bees and hummingbirds.

Robert H. Mohlenbrock. USDA NRCS. 1992. Western wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species.

Cultural Practices:
Less susceptible to powdery mildew than Monarda dydima.

Blooming Habits:
Rose-purple to lavender, two-lipped, tubular flowers, 1.5 inches long (4 cm), in mid-summer. Deadhead to extend the blooming period.

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